Publications by ENTWINED participantsBelow you will find all our publications to date. They are also sorted by briefs, reports and articles. You can also search by author, keyword and title in the above search engine.
2010-05-25
Have Countries with Lax Environmental Regulations a Comparative Advantage in Polluting Industries?
Thomas Sterner
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2010-05-25
Climate Policy and Emissions Leakage: Comparing the Options
Carolyn Fischer
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2010-05-20
The Burden of Proof in Environmental Disputes Before the WTO: Legal Aspects
Henrik Horn and Petros C. Mavroidis
2009-12-17
Voluntary Sustainability Standards and Value Chain Governance: How sustainability standards affect the distribution of decision-making power in global value chains
Jason Potts, Kathleen Sexsmith
Sustainability standards affect decision-making processes in global value chains by appropriating and redistributing power to set, implement and verify compliance with the terms of chain participation. Standards have the potential to give commodity...
2009-12-17
On blending mandates, border tax adjustment and import standards for biofuels
Håkan Eggert and Mads Greaker
The transport sector is a major contributor to green house gas (GHG) emissions and its share is increasing. Biofuels may pro- vide an option to replace fossil fuels and generate an increasing worldwide interest. Rich countries like the US and the...
2009-05-12
Voluntary Sustainability Standards and Economic Rents - The Economic Impacts of Voluntary Sustainability Standards along the Coffee, Forestry and Fisheries Value Chains
Jason Potts and Kathleen Sexsmith
Since the development of organic and fair trade labels in the 1970s and 1980s, the use of “private voluntary standards" as a means for distinguishing products in terms of their sustainability has grown exponentially. Fuelled by a growing awareness of...
2009-02-27
The Burden of Proof in National Treatment Disputes and the Environment
Henrik Horn
This paper examines the role of the burden of proof (BoP) in National Treatment (NT) disputes under trade agreements. In the situation under study, imports may cause environmental damage, in which case less favorable treatment of imported products may...
2009-02-27
Effects of Global Fisheries on Developing Countries - Possibilities for Income and Threat of Depletion
Håkan Eggert and Mads Greaker
This study deals with fisheries and trade, focusing on developing countries. Fish is globally traded, and for many developing countries, it is an important net export good. In most of these countries, fisheries are often characterized by poorly...
2009-02-27
Burden of Proof in Environmental Disputes in the WTO: Legal Aspects
Henrik Horn and Petros Mavroidis
Published in European Energy and Environmental Law Review 18(2), 2009.This paper discusses allocation of burden of proof in environmental disputes in the WTO system. Besides laying down the natural principles that (i) the complainant carries the...
2009-02-27
On biofuels and trade: Tariffs, standards or import subsidies?
Håkan Eggert and Mads Greaker
The transport sector is a major contributor to green house gas (GHG) emissions and its share is increasing. Biofuels may provide an option to replace fossil fuels and generate an increasing worldwide interest. Rich countries like the US and the...
2009-02-27
The Impact of Type I Ecolabelling Schemes to Improve the Environmental Performance of Products
Andreas Öman
The key objective of Type 1 eco-labelling schemes is to realise environmental gains related to products. Unfortunately the evidence available of the performance of many enviromental policy instruments is very incomplete; type 1 eco-labelling schemes...
2008-11-14
Does trade help or hinder the conservation of natural resources?
Carolyn Fischer
Trade exerts important influences over the exploitation and protection of natural resources. Indeed, recognition of this influence is codified in the GATT, which allows exceptions to the treaty obligations for measures “relating to the conservation of...
2008-07-01
Comparing Policies to Combat Emissions Leakage: Border Tax Adjustments versus Rebates
Carolyn Fischer and Alan Fox
We explore conditions determining which anti-leakage policies might be more effective complements to domestic GHG emissions regulation. We consider four policies that could be combined with unilateral emissions pricing to counter effects on...
2008-07-01
Competing Environmental Labels
Carolyn Fischer and Thomas Lyon
We study markets in which consumers prefer environmentally friendly products but cannot determine the environmental quality of any given firm´s product on their own. A non-governmental organization (NGO) can establish a voluntary standard and label...
2008-06-10
Have Countries with Lax Environmental Regulations a Comparative Advantage in Polluting Industries?
Miguel Quiroga, Thomas Sterner, and Martin Persson
We study whether lax environmental regulations induce comparative advantages, causing the least-regulated countries to specialize in polluting industries. The study is based on the Trefler and Zhu [24] definition of the factor content of trade. For...
2008-06-10
GMO food in the European Union: Are
policies likely to be protectionist?
Mads Greaker and Håkan Eggert
Food with inputs from genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has met considerable skepticism among European Union (EU) consumers. The EU import ban on GM food has triggered a great deal of controversy and has been replaced by a mandatory labeling...
2008-05-25
The Permissible Reach of National Environmental Policies
Henrik Horn & Petros Mavroidis
Published in Journal of World Trade 42(6) 2008Trading nations exchange tariff concessions in the context of trade liberalizing rounds. Tariffs, nonetheless, are not the only instrument affecting the value of a concession. Domestic instruments affect...
2008-02-17
The legality of PPMs under the GATT - Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Trade Policy
Jason Potts
Since the Tuna-Dolphin cases in the mid-´90s, the treatment of process and production methods (PPMs) under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and subsequently the World Trade Organization (WTO), has remained a high profile concern for...
2007-11-06
Trade and Environment - A resource book
Edited by Adil Naja, Mark Halle and Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz
We hope that this book is not just readable, but also useful and useable. This book flows from the realization that the trade and environment policy debate is technically complex, is becoming highly specialized and is full of cumbersome—and not always...
